A Review and Collection of Metrics and Benchmarks for Quantum Computers: definitions, methodologies and software

AUTHORS
Deep Lall

Scientist, National Physical Laboratory, United Kingdom

Abhishek Agarwal

National Physical Laboratory, United Kingdom

Weixi Zhang

School of Informatics, QSL, University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom

Lachlan Lindoy

National Physical Laboratory, United Kingdom

Tobias Lindström

National Physical Laboratory, United Kingdom

Stephanie Webster

National Physical Laboratory, United Kingdom

Simon Hall

National Physical Laboratory, United Kingdom

Nicholas Chancellor

School of Computing, Newcastle University, United Kingdom

Petros Wallden

School of Informatics, QSL, University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom

Raul Garcia-Patron

School of Informatics, QSL, University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom

Elham Kashefi

School of Informatics, QSL, University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom

Viv Kendon

Department of Physics, University of Strathclyde, United Kingdom

Jonathan Pritchard

Department of Physics, University of Strathclyde, United Kingdom

Alessandro Rossi

Department of Physics, University of Strathclyde, United Kingdom

Animesh Datta

Department of Physics, University of Warwick, United Kingdom

Theodoros Kapourniotis

National Quantum Computing Centre, United Kingdom

Konstantinos Georgopoulos

National Quantum Computing Centre, United Kingdom

Ivan Rungger

National Physical Laboratory, United Kingdom

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DETAILS
Theme 8. Metrology for Quantum Technologies
Conference 150th anniversary of the Metre Convention — From Units to the Universe
Year 2025
Location Palais des congrès de Versailles, Versailles, France
Publisher Bureau International des Poids et Mesures (BIPM)
Language EN
ABSTRACT
Quantum computers have the potential to provide an advantage over classical computers in a number of areas. Numerous metrics to benchmark the performance of quantum computers, ranging from their individual hardware components to entire applications, have been proposed over the years. Objective comparisons are further hampered in practice as different variations of the same metric are used, and the data disclosed together with a reported metric value is often not sufficient to reproduce the measurements. In this poster, we present our recent article, where we address these challenges by providing a review of metrics and benchmarks for quantum computers [1], including 1) a comprehensive collection of benchmarks allowing holistic comparisons of quantum computers, 2) a consistent format of the definitions across all metrics including a transparent description of the methodology and of the main assumptions and limitations, and 3) a reproducible approach by linking the metrics to open-source software used to evaluate them . We identify five areas where international standardization working groups could be established, namely: i) the identification and agreement on the categories of metrics that comprehensively benchmark device performance; ii) the identification and agreement on a set of well-established metrics that together comprehensively benchmark performance; iii) the identification of metrics specific to hardware platforms, including non-gate-based quantum computers; iv) inter-laboratory comparison studies to develop best practice guides for measurement methodology; and v) agreement on what data and software should be reported together with a metric value to ensure trust, transparency and reproducibility. We provide potential routes to advancing these areas. We expect that this work will accelerate the progress of quantum computing hardware towards quantum advantage.
[1] D. Lall et al., A Review and Collection of Metrics and Benchmarks for Quantum Computers: Definitions, Methodologies and Software, arXiv:2502.06717.
CITE THIS POSTER
Include:
Lall, D., Agarwal, A., Zhang, W., Lindoy, L., Lindström, T., Webster, S., Hall, S., Chancellor, N., Wallden, P., Garcia-Patron, R., Kashefi, E., Kendon, V., Pritchard, J., Rossi, A., Datta, A., Kapourniotis, T., Georgopoulos, K., & Rungger, I.. (2025). A Review and Collection of Metrics and Benchmarks for Quantum Computers: definitions, methodologies and software. 150th anniversary of the Metre Convention — From Units to the Universe. Palais des congrès de Versailles, Versailles, France. Bureau International des Poids et Mesures (BIPM). https://doi.org/10.59161/AZYE8097